List of Figures xi
List of Algorithms xvii
About the Authors xix
Foreword xxi
Preface xxiii
Acknowledgements xxv
Acronyms xxvii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 IoT in 5G 1
1.1.1 What Is IoT 1
1.1.2 Applications of IoT 2
1.1.3 Future of IoT 3
1.2 IoT Networks 4
1.3 Characteristics of IoT Signals 6
1.4 Outline 8
2 Background of IoT Signal Detection 11
2.1 Random Access 11
2.1.1 Grant-based Random Access 11
2.1.2 Grant-free Random Access 14
2.2 Signal Detection Methods 16
2.2.1 System Model 17
2.2.2 ML Detection 18
2.2.3 ZF Detection 22
2.2.4 MMSE Detection 25
2.2.5 MCMC Detection 28
2.2.6 VI Detection 31
2.2.7 CS Detection 34
2.3 Conclusion and Remarks 38
3 Sparse Signal Detection for Multiple Access 39
3.1 System Model 39
3.2 Sparse Signal Detection 41
3.2.1 Tree Search-based Approach 41
3.2.2 VI Detection Algorithm 44
3.3 Performance Analysis 48
3.3.1 Complexity Analysis 48
3.3.2 VI Detection Performance Analysis 49
3.4 Simulation Results 55
3.5 Conclusion and Remarks 61
4 Collided Signal Detection for Multiple Access 63
4.1 System Model 63
4.2 Automatic Modulation Classification-based Detection 66
4.2.1 Preamble Sequence Detection 66
4.2.2 HOCs-based AMC Approach for Collision Recognition 68
4.2.3 Data Decoding with SIC 69
4.3 Performance Analysis 71
4.4 Simulation Results 78
4.5 Conclusion and Remarks 86
5 Multiple Delay Estimation for Collided Signals 89
5.1 System Model 89
5.2 Multiple Delay Estimation 92
5.2.1 ML Detection Algorithm 92
5.2.2 CAVI Detection Algorithm 95
5.2.3 MCMC Detection Algorithm 99
5.3 Signal Number Estimation and Channel Estimation 100
5.4 Simulation Results 102
5.4.1 CAVI Simulation Results 102
5.4.2 MCMC Simulation Results 109
5.5 Conclusion and Remarks 115
6 Detection and Division for Backscatter Signals 117
6.1 System Model 117
6.2 Central Limit Theorem-based Signal Detection 122
6.2.1 Activity Detection Algorithm 123
6.2.2 Signal Detection Algorithm 126
6.2.3 Performance Analysis 127
6.3 Simulation Results 128
6.4 Conclusion and Remarks 134
7 Analysis and Optimization for NOMA Signals 137
7.1 System Model 137
7.2 Throughput and Power Consumption Analysis 139
7.2.1 Throughput Analysis 139
7.2.2 Power Consumption Analysis 140
7.3 Energy Efficiency Performance Optimization 141
7.4 Simulation Results 145
7.5 Conclusion and Remarks 148
8 Signal Design for Multicluster Coordination 149
8.1 Multi-cluster Coordination in IoT 149
8.2 Multi-cluster Coordination with NOMA 152
8.2.1 Multi-cluster Coordination NOMA Design 152
8.2.2 Multi-cluster Coordinated NOMA Resource Allocation 153
8.3 CI-aided Multi-cluster Coordination with Interference Management 156
8.3.1 CI Signal Design 156
8.3.2 CI Design for Multi-cluster Coordination 158
8.4 FutureWorks 161
8.5 Conclusion and Remarks 162
9 Conclusion of the Book 163
References 165
Index 175
